- Apoptosis in Renal Hypertrophy after Uninephrectomy in the Rats.
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Chan Pil Park, Jung Woo Noh, Joo Seob keum, Myung Sook Kim, Moon Hyang Park
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Korean J Pathol. 2001;35(6):513-523.
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 Abstract
- BACKGROUND
Glomerular compensatory hypertrophy maintains decreased renal function after uninephrectomy (UNX).
Proliferation and apoptosis of renal cells may be involved in hypertrophy.
METHODS
In small and large male Sprague-Dawley rats, contralateral kidneys were harvested 1, 7, 14 and 30 days after UNX. Apoptosis was assessed by the Tdt-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labelling method. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Fas ligand (FasL) expression was determined by immunohistochemically.
RESULTS
Morphometrically, glomerular hypertrophy was observed in both small and large rats after UNX, and it was more significant in the small rats. The glomerular proliferation index (PI) was gradually increased from day 7 but decreased on day 30 in the small rats. Glomerular PI was significantly increased from day 7 in large rats and peaked at day 14. Apoptotic cells in the glomeruli were slightly increased on day 1 and on day 7 in both groups of rats. The expression of FasL was gradually increased in the distal tubular epithelium in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS
These results demonstrate different profiles regarding the compensatory growth of the kidney, cell proliferation, and apoptosis during the period of compensatory hypertrophy in uninephrectomized rats of different weight and age. Apoptosis may play a role in regressing a number of proliferated cells during renal compensatory hypertrophy.
- Analyses of Genetic Alterations in Breast Cancers by Comparative Genomic Hybridization.
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Jin Man Kim, Young Mi Jeon, Young Hyeh Ko, Kyu Sang Song, Howe J Ree, Joo Seob Keum, Jae Hyuk Lee, Sun Hoe Koo
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Korean J Pathol. 1999;33(8):603-613.
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Abstract
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- Transformation and progression of breast cancer are thought to be caused by an accumulation of complex genetic alterations, but little is known about specific changes.
In this study, the author has undertaken a genome-wide screening to detect genetic changes in 20 cases of breast cancer among Koreans, including 16 infiltrating ductal carcinomas, 2 medullary carcinomas, 1 invasive lobular carcinoma, and 1 borderline phyllodes tumor. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used to screen for DNA sequence gains and losses across all human chromosomes.
Simultaneous immunohistochemical staining for c-erbB-2 (Her-2/neu), c-myc, cyclin D1, and p53 protein was done to make comparisons with nuclear grade and that with CGH results.
Biotin-labeled tumor DNA and digoxigenin-labeled normal DNA were hybridized to normal metaphase cells. The fluorescence signals were captured by fluorescence microscope after detection by avidin-FITC and anti-digoxigenin rhodamine. Then, the ratio of fluorescence was calculated by an image analyzer.
The immunohistochemical staining was done in paraffin-embedded tissue with an LSAB kit and avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method. The CGH results showed gains on chromosomes 8q (40%), 1q (30%), 17q (15%), 20q (15%), 18q (15%), 5p (15%), and 13q (15%). Deletions were on chromosomes 17p (45%) and 22q (20%). High-level amplifications (green/red ratio >1.5) were noted on chromosomes 1p31, 1q, 3q25-qter, 5p, 7q31-qter, 8q, 9p22-qter, 10p, 11p, 11q22-qter, 12p, 12q24, 14q21-qter, 15q23-qter, 17q, 18p, 18q12-qter, 20p, and 20q. By comparison with infiltrating ductal carcinoma, the two medullary carcinomas showed high-level amplification on chromosomes 1p31, 1q, 8q, 10p, 11p and 12p. c-erbB-2, c-myc, cyclin D1, and p53 protein expression was immunohistochemically detected in 9 of 20 (45%), 8 of 20 (40%), 10 of 20 (50%), and 13 of 20 (65%), respectively. The results indicate that the amplification on chromosome 8q, 1q and the deletions on chromosomes 17p and 22q are the most frequent genetic alterations in breast cancers among Koreans. The results reveal a different pattern of genetic alteration from previous studies. The CGH results were not correlated with the immunohistochemical profiles. The amplification pattern of medullary carcinomas was quite different from the pattern of infiltrating ductal carcinomas. The CGH was thought to be very useful in the screening of genetic alterations of solid tumors.
- Prognostic Significance of the Tall Cell Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Expression of p53, bcl-2 & Leu-M1 proteins.
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Won Mi Lee, Joo Seob Keum, Eun Kyung Hong, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee
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Korean J Pathol. 1998;32(11):1000-1007.
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Abstract
- Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is a well differentiated neoplasm and usually has a good prognosis. However, a subset of morphologically distinct papillary carcinoma has bad prognoses. The tall cell variant of papillary carcinoma (TCPC), characterized by tall columnar cells with a height at least twice the width, is the one of these. In order to differentiate TCPC from usual papillary carcinoma (UPC) in terms of prognosis, we performed immunohistochemical studies for the expression of p53, bcl-2 and Leu-M1 proteins in 25 cases of TCPC, 26 cases of UPC and 14 cases of poorly differentiated, solid type papillary carcinoma (SPC) with an analysis of clinical parameters. The nuclear expression of p53 was noted in one case each of UPC and TCPC. The cytoplasmic p53 expression of TCPC, UPC, and SPC was observed in 17/25 cases (68%), 14/26 cases (54%), 3/14 cases (21%), respectively. bcl-2 expression was 19/25 cases (76%), 18/26 cases (69%), 5/14 cases (36%), and that of Leu-M1 was 21/25 cases (84%), 18/26 cases (69%), 4/14 cases(29%), respectively. There were no statistical significance in the expression of those immunoproteins among these three groups (p>0.05). The p53 protein was consistently expressed in the cytoplasm rather than nucleus in this study and was very well correlated to bcl-2 positivity (p<0.01). There were no statistical significance in any clinical parameters examined among these three groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, TCPC can not be separated from UPC as a distinct entity in this study and the cytoplasmic expression of p53 protein provides another mechanism of p53 inactivation in tumorigenesis of the thyroid papillary carcinoma, possibly by bcl-2 related mechanism.
- Carcinosarcoma of the Female Genital Tract: Immunohistochemical study on transitional area further supports the metaplastic origin.
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Chan Pil Park, Joo Seob Keum, Gu Kong, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee
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Korean J Pathol. 1998;32(5):370-377.
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Abstract
- Carcinosarcoma of the female genital tract, also called malignant mixed mullerian tumor (MMMT), is a rare and relatively aggressive tumor with various homologous and heterologous components. There have been various studies to find prognostic factors and to investigate the histogenesis, including tissue culture, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemical studies. We investigated carcinomatous, sarcomatous, and transitional areas of 6 cases of carcinosarcoma of the uterus and ovary by using epithelial and mesenchymal markers. Immunohistochemical profiles of the transitional areas were significantly different from those of carcinomatous and sarcomatous areas. Immunoreactivities for cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen (50% and 22.2%) were weaker than those of carcinomatous areas (95.2% and 100%), but stronger than those of sarcomatous areas (11.1% and 5.6%)(p<0.01). In transitional areas, vimentin, smooth muscle actin and S-100 protein were more strongly expressed than in carcinomatous areas, but more weakly expressed than in sarcomatous areas (p<0.01, p<0.01, and p=0.018, respectively). Myoglobin was entirely negative in carcinomatous areas and immunoreactive in minor portions of transitional and sarcomatous areas (22.2% and 16.7%, respectively). These results suggest that the transitional areas are between the carcinomatous and sarcomatous nature in differentiation, further supporting that the carcinosarcomas of the female genital tract may arise, through metaplastic change, from a type of carcinoma.
- Cytopathologic Analysis on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytologic Misdiagnoses of the Thyroid .
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Chan Pil Park, Joo Seob Keum, Won Mi Lee, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1998;9(2):169-180.
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Abstract
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- Fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) has been used effectively as the initial modality in evaluating various thyroid lesions. We correlated cytologic and histopathologic features to investigate the diagnostic pitfalls of FNAC of the thyroid.
A total of 1,593 FNACs of the thyroid were diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, Hanyang University Hospital, from January 1993 to December 1997. There were 963 cytologically benign cases(60.5%), 97 suspicious cases(6.1%), and 75 malignant cases(4.71%). The remaining 458 cases(28.8%) were unsatisfactory. Subsequent surgical resection was done in 192 cases. Seventy-two cases(37.5%) were cytologi cally diagnosed as benign, 45 cases(23.4%) suspicious, 56 cases(29.2%) malignant, and 19 cases(9.9%) unsatisfactory. Histopathologically, 101 cases were benign(11 thyroidites, 52 adenomatous hyperplasias, 34 follicular adenomas, and four Hurthle cell adenomas), and 91 cases malignant(72 papillary carcinomas, 16 follicular carcinomas, one medullary carcinoma, one anaplastic carcinoma, and one granular cell tumor). After excluding 19 unsatisfactory cases, 63 were misdiagnosed. They included 17 benign(three thyroidites and 14 adenomatous hyperplasias), 27 suspi cious(16 follicular adenomas, four Hurthle cell adenomas, and seven follicular carcinomas), and 19 malignant(16 papillary carcinoma, one medullary carcinoma, one anaplastic carcinoma, and one granular cell tumor) lesions.
The accuracy rates in the benign, suspicious, and malignant categories were 54.9%, 49.8%, & 92.8%, respectively. The cytological pitfalls were as follows: (1) bloody background, (2) crowded follicular cell clusters indistinguishable between follicular neoplasia and adenomatous hyperplasia, (3) papillary structure, irregular nuclear membrane and pleomorphism mimicking those of papillary carcinoma, (4) indistinct eosinophilia in follicular epithelial cells, (5) unusual cellular components not commonly seen in FNACs of the thyroid.
- Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Urinary Bladder: An Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Study.
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Seung Sam Paik, Joo Seob Keum, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Park
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Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(5):447-452.
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Abstract
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- Inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder is an unusual, benign mesenchymal proliferative lesion of the submucosal stroma easily mistaken for a malignant neoplasm clinically and histologically. We present a case and describe the clinical presentation and radiologic, histologic, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings. A 23-year old patient presented with sudden onset of gross painless hematuria for 3 months.
There was no previous instrumentation or surgery involving the genitourinary tract. Cystoscopy revealed a large polypoid and ulcerated bladder mass. The lesion consisted of plump spindle shaped, fibroblast-like cells embedded in a myxoid stroma. Mitotic figures were negligible and the lesion showed encroachment on the superficial muscle bundles. The spindle cells were immunoreactive for vimentin and muscle specific actin. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings revealed the fibroblastic-myofibroblastic nature of this lesion. Complete surgical excision by partial cystectomy was successful in eradicating the lesion. The findings are described with a discussion of the pathogenesis and review of the literature.
- Intraabdominal Desmoplastic Small Cell Tumors with Divergent Differentiation: Report of two cases with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies.
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Young Ha Oh, Nam Hoon Kim, Joo Seob Keum, Moon Hyang Park
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Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(1):40-49.
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Abstract
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- We studied two intraabdominal desmoplastic small cell tumors. The patients were two men, 37 and 23 years old, with jaundice and palpable abdominal masses. On exploratory laparotomy, each patient revealed a huge mass in the greater omentum with disseminated peritoneal seeding, measuring 32 cm and 11 cm in its greatest dimension, respectively. The tumor involved the diaphragm, rectal shelf, and cul de sac in case 1, and it involved the porta hepatis, retroperitoneum, and serosal surface of the ascending and transverse colon in case 2. Omentectomy of the huge mass and satellite masses was performed in each patient. Both tumors showed nearly the same histopathologic features. The histologic pattern was suggestive of a metastatic small cell carcinoma, but there was no specific, single primary site.
The tumors consisted of variably sized, discrete islands of epithelial-like small cells in dense desmoplastic stroma.
The tumor cells revealed divergent epithelial, mesenchymal, and neural differentiation by histologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic observations.
Only one cycle of chemotherapy including cisplatin and VP-16 was given in case 1 because of a subsequent hepatic problem, who, thereafter, showed massive intraabdominal recurrent tumors 6 months after diagnosis. In case 2, the poor condition of the patient had made chemotherapy and radiotherapy impossible. Case 2 died of disseminated intravascular coagulation following progressive cachexia 7 months after diagnosis.
- Fine needle aspiration cytology on solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura.
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Joo Seob Keum, Jung Dal Lee
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1991;2(2):134-141.
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Abstract
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- No abstract available.
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